Dealing With Tree Root Damage of Sewer and Water Line

Conventional wisdom says that the roots of certain tree species may be more harmful to water and sewage lines than others, especially if planted too close to these utilities. That wisdom weighs out as far as it goes, but all trees have some ability to invade water and sewer lines. Root Egress Tree roots invade mostly through damaged lines installed in the top 24 inches of soil. Sound lines and sewers have very little trouble with root damage, and then only at weak points where water seeps out. Aggression toward water service in many fast-growing, large trees is spawned by the discovery of a water source coming from that service. As is the case with any living thing, a tree will do what it must to survive. Roots dont actually crush septic tanks and lines, entering instead through weak and seeping spots on tanks and lines. Its important to closely watch these aggressive trees when they grow  near your sewage service, or avoid planting them altogether: Fraxinus (ash)Liquidambar (sweetgum)Populus (poplar and cottonwood)Quercus (oak, usually lowland varieties)Robinia (locust)Salix (willow)Tilia (basswood)Liriodendron (tulip treePlatanus (sycamore)Many Acer species (red, sugar, Norway and silver maples, and boxelder) Managing Trees Around Sewers and Pipes For managed landscapes near sewer lines, replace water-seeking trees every eight to 10 years before they grow too big. This limits the distance roots grow outside the planting area and the time they have to grow into and around sewer lines as well as foundations, sidewalks, and other infrastructure. Older trees can embed pipes and sewers by growing roots around the pipes. If these trees experience a structural root failure and topple, these field lines can be destroyed, so it is important to keep a close eye on these as well. To help prevent tree root damage that will eventually interfere with sewer lines: Plant small, slow-growing trees near sewer lines.Plan to replace trees every eight to 10 years if you desire faster-growing species.Periodically monitor and replace even slow-growing trees.Thoroughly evaluate landscaping plans for potential root intrusion when improving or building new sewer lines.Consider Amur maple, Japanese maple, dogwood, redbud, and fringetree, common trees recommended for planting near water lines. Options exist if you already have tree root damage to your lines. Products containing slow-release chemicals to stymie further root growth are helpful. Other root barriers include: Densely-compacted layers of soilChemical layers such as sulfur, sodium, zinc, borate, salt or herbicidesAir gaps using large stonesSolid barriers such as plastic, metal, or wood. Each of these barriers can be effective in the short term, but long-term results are difficult to guarantee and can significantly harm the tree. Seek professional advice when using these options.

Adam and Eve Essay 3 - 1412 Words

Adam and Eve Marcie Smith REL 250 Paxton Reed November 16, 2008 Adam and Eve The term subordination is used frequently in the context of Trinitarian discussion, and has a clearly defined usage. Theologians of the past have spoken in some sense of the subordination of the Son and the Spirit within the boundaries of orthodoxy. However, how do we define it when it comes to women and the church? The story of Adam and Eve is a great place to start. It brings with it all of the elements of love, respect, partnership, and subordination all rolled together. When I first started to research this paper I was under the misguided assumption that Adam and Eve went down together. As my paper evolved you will see I learned a little bit differently.†¦show more content†¦Feminists argue that women have had to struggle to overcome the patriarchally structured churches. While scholars in ecclesiastical history and related fields have undoubtedly been influenced by the huge developments in both women’s history and gender history in the larger arena of historical scholarship, they have also been influenced by the questions raised by feminist theologians about the viability of women remaining within the Churches and the outworking of Christian doctrine in the women’s lives. â€Å"Origins have therefore become important to some feminist scholars, especially those of faith, in a rather distinctive way, as they have sought to bring to light—and , in some cases, discover—evidence for the ways in which the Christian tradition has in at least some of its roots an equal place for women† (Shaw, 2004). The place of women—and, indeed, men—in the early Churches is a historical subject which is seen to have relevance to individuals and the Churches today: while Churches are still debating the validity of the ordination of women, and even the extent to which laywomen can participate in the worship and ministry of the Church, it is not possible to shy away from this. One of the great strengths of feminist scholarship has been to show that no scholar works from a neutral starting-point: the selection of topic and the evidence on which historians choose to focus are shaped by their presuppositions. Ecclesiastical historians, influenced by theirShow MoreRelatedThe Lineage of Sin and Death867 Words   |  4 PagesIn this essay, I will be explaining the nature of sin and how it entered the world. First of all, let us define sin. According to dictionary.com, sin is transgression or violation of divine or supreme law, a willful or deliberate violation of some religious or moral principle, any reprehensible or regrettable action, behavior, lapse etc.; great fault or offense. My definition of sin is disobedience toward Yahweh, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Sin entered the world through Adam in theRead MoreReflection On God s The Lord God Planted A Garden Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesIn this essay, I will take the position that God waited to create Eve in order to properly prepare Adam to be a husband/leader. Being the very first being created on earth and having no experience in how to live, God would need to teach Adam the necessary steps for a productive and successful life. 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These beliefs include major points such as a God and ancient prophets. However, Islam and Christianity vary significantly between their religious written works. These works are the Bible and the Qur’an. The compilation of both in their respective religions however do point back to God. God being the omnipotent deity in which these religionsRead MoreThe Hebrew Bible s Allure And Perseverance928 Words   |  4 Pagesunclear. One such gap is God’s motivation behind his response to Adam and Eve eating the fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil. Despite God telling Adam that he will die if he eats the fruits of the tree of knowledge of good and evil (King James Version, Gen. 2.17), eating the fruit did not cause Adam and Eve to die; instead, God allowed them to live and cast them out of the garden of Eden (Gen. 3; 24). Why then did God tell Adam that he will die if he consu mes the fruit from that tree ifRead MoreAdam And Nimrod Are Not Just Characters From Dante s Work1259 Words   |  6 PagesAdam and Nimrod are not just characters from Dante’s work. They both have origins in Christianity. Genesis 3 is about Adam’s sin, the first sin; disobeying the Lord caused the fall of man. Genesis 11 is about Nimrod’s sin. Nimrod was the first ruler â€Å"in the land of Shinar† (Gen 10.10). Men, migrating east, settled in Shinar and planned to construct a tower so tall, that it would reach the sky because this would â€Å"make a name for [themselves]† (Gen. 11.4). When the Lord noticed this tower, he â€Å"scatteredRead MoreViews On The Historical Adam Essay1061 Words   |  5 PagesFour views on the historical Adam consists of four prominent biblical scholars, who together, provided there understanding of scripture to a project that shed light on the figure identified in Genesis 1 as Adam. The four contributors to this book are: Dr. Denis Lamoureux, Dr. John Walton, Dr. C. John Collins, and Dr. William Barrick. Four Views on the Historical Adam visibly outlines four key views on the Genesis figure Adam held by evangelicals. The content provided is theologically consistent inRead MoreThe Battle Of The Sexes1239 Words   |  5 Pagesa woman from the rib he had taken out of the man, and he brought her to the man† (Genesis 2:22) this quote and this context has been interpreted wrongly by many in the comings over the years and throughout history. People interpret Eve as being less in value than Adam because she was taken from his ribs after he was first created. This interpretation of being lesser in value than the male species has been a struggle throughout the duration of history. This may have been a cause to a misunderstandingRead MoreHow I Read Literature Like A Professor Essay1141 Words   |  5 PagesBrylan Beard Mrs. Mary Smith Ap Literature 20 September 2017 How to Read Literature like a Professor Essay This essay will be about the analyzing of literary devices that are discussed in this book. The professor in the book thoroughly describes these devices and the allusions and symbols that are involved in literature over the centuries. I will be discussing the specifics of the allusions and symbols of the bible and the Christ like figures in literature. The first device I will be describingRead MoreClash Between God And Science Essay1091 Words   |  5 Pagesof when Science and biblical text do not agree is the ideas of Adam and Eve vs. evolution, the flooding of the earth, and finally scientific law vs. miracles performed by Jesus Christ. The first instance of when biblical text and science do not agree starts in the beginning with the first man and woman. In Genesis 2:4-3:24, God introduces the first man and woman in the world. Their names where Adam and Eve. The book of Genesis 2:4-3:24 states â€Å"The  Lord  God formed  a man[c]  from the dust  of the ground  and

Risks and opportunities of Wal-Mart Free Essays

Sam Walton – a real ‘king’ of XXth-century retail – was able to turn a small store in the center of a provincial town to the world’s largest retailer – Wal-Mart. This man had stepped on a pedal of his business and never let it go; otherwise, he could be crushed by those behind him. The Wal-Mart’s success is grounded on the notion to save customers’ money, so they can live better. We will write a custom essay sample on Risks and opportunities of Wal-Mart or any similar topic only for you Order Now The economists’ unfavorable outlook at Wal-Mart Co in the beginning of FY 2007 seems to fade out by the latest data and reports, for this global retailer is focused on constant improving of sales and returns: an 8.1 percent increase in the first quarter to $2.86 billion or 70 cents per share up from $2.65 billion, or 63 cents per share, in the year ago period. Wal-Mart expects the on-going increase in net profit up to $0.99 – $1.03 per share in the fourth quarter and $3.13 – $3.17 in total. Sales of the company rose 8.8 percent to $90.9 billion (according to the data from Floor Daily and Reuters). Risks of the last year, when the company tried to sell more goods to middle- and high-income shoppers had been reemphasized by executive leadership; therefore, this year brought more opportunities in low-price segment. At present, Wal-Mart Co made some steps forward in its American stores and attracted more consumers, who were pressed by growing prices on foodstuff and energy carriers, and by mortgage crisis. For the past few weeks, the retailer has lowered prices on the most popular toys and 15 thousand of other goods on the threshold of the holiday shopping. The falling of dollar and rising oil prices posed a real threat to weaken international earnings; however, the surprising share of Wal-Mart Stores Inc in the third quarter of FY 2007 has grown due to outlets overseas, tough expenses’ control and preliminary customer expectation model in American stores. While the American picture seems rather clear, for Wal-Mart originated from this country, the international situation was frightening. Europe and Asia are turning America down from the leading position in the world affairs, because of its ‘diplomatic’ operations in Iraq, the growing total debt and unstable economy. Therefore, the outlets in Germany were forced out by domestic stores, outlets in South Korea were closed because of high competition and low market share; â€Å"new social alternative† in India is fighting against Coca-Cola and Wal-Mart. Nevertheless, along with grasping market share in North and Latin America, Wal-Mart had fit the cultural diversity in Asian segment. For example, in China consumers are allowed to choose live fish and seafood by themselves. As the world’s largest retailer, Wal-Mart Co can afford the new technologies, take the role of sponsor in the latest researches and developments, protect the environment and implement the energy- and money-saving equipment in its stores. When Sam Walton had faced regional discount competition and opened his first discount store, he laid the basis for further successful management strategy: the wide range of goods, the lowest possible prices, the latest technologies, convenient stores and parking, and, as the result, consumers’ satisfaction. Today, the executive leadership of the corporation is aiming its efforts at successful managing of all departments: sales, marketing, human resources, research and development and administration. Step by step, Wal-Mart has filled all market niches, including discount stores, warehouses, grocery and toys stores, optical and pharmaceutical supermarkets, portrait studios. The outlets overseas were depending on the progress and technologies. The spread of democracy in post-communist countries had unveiled the potential of their consumers; so, today, Wal-Mart Stores Inc. is heading to take the largest market share possible in this area. Technological progress with its changes in industry had forced Wal-Mart Co to implement such   â€Å"A preliminary research for the valuation of Wal-Mart Co† developments as internet access, latest technologies and electronics, online stores in its marketing strategy, in order to keep the leading positions in a highly competitive market. The core trends in business spending lie in progress of environment protection. The sustainable goals of zero waste and reduce of energy at Wal-Mart stores call for fundamental changes. The company has already â€Å"constructed experimental stores to test different ways to conserve water or electricity while also cutting waste† (Maestri, N. Reuters, para.3). The company will also examine the health care issues, the key question that is raised in media; make attempts to fit the highly diversified Asian market to include minorities and women; reduce carbon footprint and track waste. Another business spending is found in sustainable development in China, from which Wal-Mart, either directly or indirectly source goods. Wal-Mart strategy, competencies, and management Mike Duke, the Vice Chairman of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., in his â€Å"Driving Business Value through Sustainability† presentation has singled out five value drivers of business: brand and reputation, cost reduction, access to talent, associate engagement, innovation (p.8). These drives cover all spheres and level possible, such as worldwide market share and recognition, customers’ and employees’ satisfaction. All reports prove that the principle of each consumer’s satisfaction is the right and unchanging course in varying industry. Sam Walton, an expert, manager and retailer, is also a good teacher, for he could raise a successful team of leaders, who share the same priorities and want to reach the same goals. Recently, Wal-Mart Co had reemphasized the financial management systems and chose the solution SAP ERP Financials to keep up its growth and effective reaction at business changes. This teamwork had lead to top, among such competitors as Target, Costco, Kroger, Safeway, Best Buy, etc. Ellis Mnyandu, a Reuter’s reporter, has noted that â€Å"Wal-Mart’s stock gained 6.1 percent to $45.97 after the world’s biggest retailer posted a stronger-than-expected quarterly profit and raised its outlook† (para.17). Facts say louder than words – Wal-Mart Co is worth to be called â€Å"the largest seller in the U.S.† and largest global retailer. References: Bianco, A. (2007). Wal-Mart’s Midlife Crisis. BusinessWeek. April 30. Online. November 28, 2007. Available: http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/07_18/b4032001.htm Duke, M., Hartzfeld, J. (2007). Driving Business Value Through Sustainability. October, 10. Online. The Wal-Mart Live Better Sustainability Summit. November, 28, 2007. Available: http://ceosustainabilitysummit.com/CEODocs/984797/InterfaceRAISEWal- MartSummitBreakout101007.pdf Maestri, N. (2007). Wal-Mart Outlines Environmental Efforts Progress. Reuters UK. November, 15. Online. November, 28, 2007. Available: http://uk.reuters.com/article/environmentNews /idUKN1530614420071115?sp=true Mnyandu, E. (2007). Market soars on tech, banks, Wal-Mart and oil. Reuters. Online. November, 28, 2007. Available: http://www.reuters.com/article/businessNews/idUSL3057195020071113?sp=true Wal-Mart 1Q Earnings Up 8.1%. (2007). Floor Focus. May 15. Online. November, 28, 2007. Available: http://www.floorfocus.com/articlesearchitem.aspx?article=10372 Wal-Mart Selects SAP. (2007). SAP Global. October, 18. Online. November, 28, 2007. Available: http://www.sap.com/solutions/business- suite/erp/newsevents/press.epx?pressid=8440    How to cite Risks and opportunities of Wal-Mart, Papers